Definition and Function:

Acute Pancreatitis involves the abrupt inflammation of the pancreas, a key player in nutrient digestion and insulin production. The pancreas, when compromised, poses a severe threat to various organs, including the lungs and kidneys.

Root Causes of Acute Pancreatitis:

Dr. Prasad Neelam elucidates the primary triggers behind Acute Pancreatitis, emphasizing the profound impact of alcohol and gallbladder stones. Alcohol, known for its toxic effects on pancreatic tissue, can induce pancreatitis even with minimal consumption. Gallstones, on the other hand, may obstruct the pancreas, leading to an inflammatory attack. In addition to these primary causes, factors such as certain medications, elevated triglyceride levels, high blood calcium, and autoimmune disorders can also contribute to the onset of Acute Pancreatitis.

Symptoms and Recognition:

Acute Pancreatitis manifests as an intensely painful condition, marked by sudden and severe upper abdominal pain that radiates to the back and shoulders. Dr. Prasad Neelam emphasizes the presence of vomiting, fever, and abdominal distension with gas. Given its intensity, the pain in Acute Pancreatitis can be mistakenly attributed to a heart attack.

Potential Complications:

While most cases of pancreatitis are mild and resolve without significant organ damage, severe forms affect 15-20% of patients. Dr. Prasad Neelam underscores the rapid progression of acute severe pancreatitis, impacting vital organs like the kidneys, lungs, and intestines. The severity of these attacks can lead to a fall in blood pressure, necessitating intensive care. The risk of death significantly rises in severe cases.

Treatment Strategies:

In managing Acute Pancreatitis, Dr. Prasad Neelam outlines a supportive and comprehensive approach. While there is no specific medication to reverse the attack, the focus shifts to supporting organs affected by pancreatitis and preventing future attacks. Treatment measures include initial fasting to provide rest to the intestines, antibiotic administration to prevent infections, and ensuring adequate oxygen supply. In severe cases, where the pancreatitis causes tissue damage, surgery may be required to remove infected material.

Preventive Measures:

The preventive aspect involves addressing the root cause of the first attack. Dr. Prasad Neelam emphasizes the need for prompt gallbladder removal through laparoscopic cholecystectomy if gallstones are identified as the cause. For cases related to alcohol-induced pancreatitis, a lifelong ban on alcohol is advocated. If elevated calcium or triglycerides are the culprits, specific treatments targeting these conditions are recommended.